Queen Mary University of London and Power Roll, a solar startup, have come together to commercialize perovskite solar film. The lightweight, flexible, and efficient characteristics of these next-generation solar materials will allow solar energy to be implemented in many locations. . Since 2012, UK-based Power Roll has been working on a way to print low-cost solar film to generate clean energy from sunlight. It's now one crucial step closer to manufacturing its lightweight, apply-anywhere film, with a new design for its solar cells. Despite growing awareness around sustainability, energy-efficient solutions continue to be expensive and difficult to implement. Pavakah Energy seeks to close this. . thin-film solar cell, type of device that is designed to convert light energy into electrical energy (through the photovoltaic effect) and is composed of micron-thick photon -absorbing material layers deposited over a flexible substrate. Thin-film solar cells were originally introduced in the 1970s. .