This work introduces a degradation-aware design framework built around finite, interacting reservoirs—lithium, porosity, and electrolyte—that are depleted over time by coupled degradation processes. . Extended lifetime and high power density make lithium-ion batteries a favored choice. To address these challenges, we examine the influence of mechanical strain and thermal noise on electrochemical. . Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the backbone of electrified transport and grid-scale energy storage.
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